Flexible tie for plastic furnace linings



Patented Nov. 19, 1929 SAMUEL C. GILBERT, OF HABTSVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA FLEXIBLE TIE FOR PLASTIC FURNACE LININGS Application filed May 2, 1928. Serial No. 274,654.

Y sometimes precast and installed in blocks, it

is of considerable advantage to install the refractory lining in a plastic state so as to provide a monolithic lining. In either case the refractory material is preferably anchored V to the furnace wall by bolts or ties which support it and hold itin position.

VWhile refractory materials often have low coefficients of expansion, the temperatures wall showing another modification; and

reached in furnaces are very high, and in operation the temperature range is so great that the resulting linear expansion and contraction results in powerful forces. These forces have in many installations caused rapid deterioration of the refractory lining, as they tend to either crack the lining or to break the bond between the lining and any tying devices of types heretofore designed or suggested for the purpose of attaching the linings to the permanent walls of the furnace. It is therefore the principal object of this invention to provide means for anchoring refractory linings to furnace walls in such manner as will permit expansion and contraction of the lining without cracking or bulging the lining or destroying the grip of the anchoring devices.

Another object of the invention is to simplify and improve devices of this character.

Another object of the invention is to pro.- vide a tie with not more than one and onehalf inches (11) of metallic substance that is not flexible.

Other objects and features of novelty wiii 5o be apparent as the following description proceeds when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section of a furnace setting wall, composed of a steel shell, brick and refractory lining in the order named, showing one embodiment of the invention as installed therein;

Fig. 2 is a cross section showing the invention as modified in order to anchor refractory linings on both sides of the furnace setting wall;

Fig. 3 is a detail of the end plate used to assist in securing the new lining;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the invent-ion modified as to anchor plate in order to anchor refractory lining to furnace setting wall of brick, originally lined with fire brick or a similar refractory;

Fig. 5 is a cross section of a furnace setting wall of brick showing embodiment of the invention as installed in wall newly constructed or under construction; p

Fig. 6 is a cross section of a furnace setting Fig. 7 is a cross section of a furnace setting wall and its lining, similar to Fig. 6, but showing the arrangement after theend plate has been burned off after extensive use.

Referring more particularly tothe drawings, the furnace settting wall is indicated at 10 and may be of sheet metal, stone, concrete, s

masonry, a combination of the materials mentioned, or other similar construction, but for the purposes of illust-ration the wall is shown as being built vof brick, with and without the steel shell and insulating material. The refractory lining is shown atr`11 as of monolithic structure, being applied while plastic, although it is with the purview of my invention to build up the refractory lining of precast blocks. I

The wall 10 is provided with an anchor plate 12 which may be built into the wall 10 as it is constructed, or iitted into walls which have already been built. The outer end of the plate 12 is provided with a flange 13 which forms an abutment a ainst the wall 10, to give the plate greater caring in addition to its bond with the masonry. In the form shown in Fig. 4, the furnace is provided with an outer steel shell 14, with in* sulating material 27 between the brick 10 and the steel shell 14, and the flange 13 is bolted to the shell by means of bolts 15 secured by nuts 16, which arrangement gives the plate 12 a very firm foundation in the structure.

The wall 10'i's also provided with a recess 17 preferably located centrally with-respect to the plate 12,.whichprojects slightly into ythe recess and is provided with an aperture 18. An open link 19- in the aperture 1-8--secures a chain 2O to the anchor plate 12. In the form shown, an eye-bolt 21 'is secured to the outer end link of the chain 2O and to a face plate'22 which is flush with the edge of lining and rests Iagainst the inner surface of a wooden form 23 used in connection with installation ofthelining. The intermediate links of the chain` may have secured thereto links forming short lateral chains 25 and `26.

Toiapply the refractory lining 11 to the furnace wall, lthe plate 12 is mounted as described. Vhen the lining 11 has been brought up to the level ofthe bottom of the recess 17, the chain 2O is placed in the position shown and Vattached to plate 12 by means of the Aopen link 19 through the aperture 18. The lining 11 is applied therearound, so that the chain 20, as well as the laterals 25 and `26, are firmly embedded in the material. In applying" thematerial'll, it is necessary to prevent the `material from filling the recess 17, andfor this purpose a piece of any sheet materiall 28 is tted over the recess, with the flexible member projecting therethrough, before the lining' 11 Vis applied. After the lining has set, formV 23 mayy be burned, or removed if so desi-red to permit construction of other units, which is sometimes necessary in several types of furnaces. It should be noted that the plate 22 is not essential to the anchoring device, `and if it should' be burned lofi', the chain '2O and the laterals 25 and 26 are not weakened in any way, but give the lining 11V adequate support of themselves.

This is illustrated by Figi'. Y

AThe link 19 as well as the other links withinthe recess 17, permit very free pivotal movement, vso that the lining 11 may move bodilyin any lateral direction as it expands or contracts, without any tendenc to crack orbulge the lining, or to break t e grip of the anchoring device. At 4the same time, the anchor will hold the lining'll snugly against .the wall.10. .The clearance provided by the recess.17 also contributes to the freedom of movement provided by the free pivoting of thelinks. s'

A slightly modified form of the invention .which isshoivn, inv Fig. 2, is adapted to anchor refractory. linings 11 on each side of a .central furnace wall 10. In thisl form the `links.19,.:therecesses 175-the form 23, the lat- ""65 era'ls 25 and'26,`as'weill'as the sheet material lib wir.)

27 over the recesses, are identical with those described for Fig. 1, as they are duplicated for each side of t-he furnace wall. In the place of the bent plate 12 however, a flat anchor plate 30 is used, and apertures 31 are 70 provided in each end thereof where the plate projects'into'the recess on` eachside of the wall. 'Itfis obvious thatwariousforms of 'thepla'tes 30 and 12 may be substituted with- .out departing:from the spirit of the inven- 75 tion, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 or 7, showing plate similarfto22f1arrd 12 embeddedfin a brick Wall having no outer shell.

In Figil, theplate 33 is quite similar to the plat-e 12 of Figs. 1 and 41, but is shorter, and 80 does not eXten'dtothe outer surface vof the Wall, but instead it is'embedded inthe brickwork, and the flange 34.-"gives. it-additional bearing.

In'the'form shown iuFigs. 6A and 7,:ai85 fiat plate 35 is embedded'vertically inthe brickwork, and is provided withv an eye36 to receive the end link of thechain.

While various embodiments of'my invention have been shoivnand' described in `coml`90 parative detail for the purposes Y(5f-disclossure, the invention is notlimited toanyof the details shown or described, :but includes such embodiments of the broad idea as come Within the scope of the appended claims. 95

Having thus `described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to besecured by Letters Patent is:

1. Means for anchoring plastic linings to furnace walls, comprising' in combination, a M100 member adapted to Abe secured to afurnace Wall, a' chain one end of which is 'adapted to be embedded in a plastic `liningfor said wall and means for connecting said member to' the other end of 'said chain whereby them5 plastic lining is maintained inclose proximity to the furnace wall but is permitted -to movein expanding and'contracting through short distances in directions parallel to the wall without cracking or bulging.

2. Means for anchoring plastic linings -to furnace Walls, comprising `in combination, a member adapted to `be secured lto a furnace Jilo `wall, a chain part of which is adaptedlto be embedded in a plastic liningfor said-wall and i 15 means for connecting said member to the free end of said chain whereby the plastic' lining is maintained-in close proximity to the. fur- "nace Wall but'is permitted to. move iniexpanding l and contractingV through short `dis'- C5120 tances in directions parallel tothe Wall without cracking `or bulging, said chainxhaving branch links secured thereto 'andalso-embedded in the lining. y f 3. Meansfor anchoring plasticlinings:to1125 furnace walls` having .steel shellsv and insulating material between theshell and masonry, comprising .in combination, a member Y adapted. to besecuredA to a'fur'nace Wall, a second member adapted t'o be embedded inal^130 plastic lining for said wall and means for connecting said members together whereby the plastic lining is maintained in close proximity to the furnace wall but is permitted to move in expanding and contracting through short distances in directions parallel to the Wall Without cracking or bulging, said anchored member having a flange adapted to be bolted to the steel shell of the furnace wall.

4. Means for anchoring plastic linings to furnace walls having steel shells, comprising in combination, a member adapted to be secured to a furnace wall, a second member adapted to be embedded in a plastic lining for said wall and means for connecting said members together whereby the plastic lining is maintained in close proximity to the furnace walls but is permitted to move in expanding and contracting through short distances in directions parallel to the wall without crack ing or bulging, said anchored member having a flange adapted to be bolted to the steel shell of the furnace wall.

5. Means for anchoring plastic linings to furnace walls constructed wholly of masonry, and originally lined with fire brick or a similar refractory, comprising in combination, a member adapted to be secured to a furnace wall, a second member adapted to be embedded in a plastic lining for said wall and means for connecting said members together whereby the plastic lining is maintained in close proximity to the furnace Walls but is permitted to move in expanding and contracting through short distances in directions parallel to the wall without cracking or bulging, said anchored member being a plate adapted for easy embedding in the masonry.

6. Means for anchoring linings to furnace walls constructed Wholly of masonry, comprising in combination, a member adapted to be secured to a furnace wall, a second member adapted to be embedded in a plastic lining for said wall and means for connecting said members together whereby the plastic lining is maintained in close proximity to the furnace walls but is permitted to move in expanding and contracting through short distances in directions parallel to the Wall without cracking or bulging, said anchored member being a plate adapted for easy embedding in the masonry during or after construction of wall.

7. In afurnace, a furnace Wall and a lining therefor defining between them a pocket and sheet material covering the pocket and provided with an aperture, a flexible member extending through the pocket and the aperture of the sheet material and having its ends respectively attached to the wall and lining.

8. In a furnace, the combination of a furnace wall and a plastic lining, and means for securing the lining to the wall and permitting lateral movement to allow for expansion and contraction of the lining without cracking or bulging said lining, .said means comprising a member anchored in the furnace `wall,asecond member at the furnace surface oftheliningdesigned to hold said lining in place should it be desired to remove forms, and a third member embedded in the plastic lining and extending therefrom to connect with the first and second member, said wall being provided with a recess, and said members being pivotally connected within said recess to allow free pivotal movement of the parts.

9. In a furnace, a furnace wall having a pair of aligned recesses in its sides and an anchor member mounted in the wall between said recesses, a refractory lining for each side of the Wall, and means embedded in each lining and secured to said anchor member within said recesses for holding .said linings in place without cracking or bulging.

l0. In a furnace, a furnace wall having a pair of aligned recesses in its sides and an anchor member mounted in the wall between said recesses, a refractory lining for each side of the wall, and means embedded in each lining and secured to said anchor member within said recesses for holding said linings in place without cracking or bulging, said means being pivoted to said member Within the recesses to permit movement of the linings with respect to the wall to permit expansion and contraction of the linings.

l1. In a furnace, a furnace wall having an anchor member embedded therein and provided with a recess located centrally with respect to said anchor member which projects into the recess, a monolithic lining of refractory material for said wall, and a chain embedded in said lining and secured to said member within said recess, with nothin of metallic substance over one and onealf inches l1/2) that is not flexible projecting into the recess.

In testimony whereof I hereunto atlix my signature.

SAMUEL C. GILBERT. 

